List of Figures and Tables
Foreword by George P. Shultz
Acknowledgments
Introduction
Chapter 1. The Policy Context for Energy Efficiency
Energy Efficiency as an Energy Policy Strategy
The Environment
Security
The Economy
Some Terminology: Energy Efficiency, Energy Conservation, Energy Intensity, Energy Productivity
Barriers to Energy Efficiency
Chapter 2. Energy Efficiency Is All Around Us
New or Improved Technologies
Lighting
Refrigeration
Cars and Light Trucks
Aircraft
Computing
Changed Adoption of Energy- Efficient Technologies
Building Insulation
Other Technologies in Buildings
Efficiency in Federal Government Buildings
Changed Company Practices
Reducing Energy Usage as a Profit/Cost Strategy
Data- Driven Industrial Energy Management
Airline Capacity Factor Management
Behavioral Strategies
Commercial Building Retrofits
Contracts/Collaborations to Overcome Split Incentive Problems
Incentives: Internal Carbon Pricing
In Summary
Chapter 3. Energy Efficiency and Aggregate Energy Intensity in the United States—1950 through 2014
The Pre-Energy- Crisis Period: 1950 to 1973
The Energy Crisis: 1973–74
Energy- Consumption Growth Expectations during the Early 1970s
Energy Use after the 1973–74 Crisis
US Domestic Energy Production in the Post- Energy- Crisis Period
Domestic Energy Supply and Energy Demand Together
Chapter 4. Energy-Efficiency Benefits: Environment and Security
Decarbonization of the US Economy
US Net Energy Imports
Chapter 5. Sectoral Disaggregation of Energy Consumption
Industrial, Transportation, Residential, Commercial Sectors
Structural Shifts and the Industrial Sector
Energy Efficiency and the Rebound Effect
Chapter 6. Amplifying Energy Efficiency
Information/Labeling/Nudges
Changed Energy-Efficiency Regulations
Utility Customer- Funded Programs
Financial Incentives
Energy Research and Development
Energy Policy and Advocacy Organizations
Chapter 7. Policy Lessons from the Past Forty Years: What Has Led to Increased Energy Efficiency?
Going Forward: The President’s Goal
Going Forward: Will the President’s Goal Be Met?
Going Forward: Will Energy-Efficiency Progress Stop?
Appendix A: Conversion Efficiency in Electricity Generation
Appendix B: Calculation of Carbon Intensity of Energy Consumption
About the Author
Shultz-Stephenson Task Force on Energy Policy
Index